| No. XXXV (Madras Presidency) Squadron RAF | |
|---|---|
XXXV Squadron crest. |
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| Active | February 1, 1916 - June 26, 1919 March 1, 1929 - 8 April 1940 5 November 1940 - 23 February 1950 1 September 1951 - 11 September 1961 1 December 1962 - March 1, 1982 |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Branch | Royal Air Force |
| Base | Thetford France RAF Netheravon RAF Bircham Newton Sudan RAF Worthy Down RAF Upwood RAF Leeming RAF Graveley RAF Stradishall RAF Marham RAF Coningsby RAF Cottesmore RAF Akrotiri RAF Scampton[1] |
| Motto | Uno animo agimus Latin: "We act with one accord" |
| Equipment | Armstrong Whitworth F.K.8 Bristol F.2 Fighter Airco DH.9A Fairey IIIF Vickers Wellesley Fairey Battle Avro Anson Bristol Blenheim Handley Page Halifax Avro Lincoln Boeing Washington English Electric Canberra Avro Vulcan[1] |
No. 35 Squadron (also known as No. XXXV (Madras Presidency) Squadron) is a squadron of the Royal Air Force.
It was formed on February 1, 1916 at Thetford, training as a Corps reconnaissance squadron. In January 1917 the unit moved to France, equipped with the Armstrong Whitworth F.K.8, beginning operations during the Battle of Arras, working alongside the Cavalry Corps, throughout 1917 (which later resulted in the Pegasus winged horses head in the Squadrons crest).[2] It re-equipped with Bristol Fighters in the later part of 1918,[3] before returning to RAF Netheravon in March 1919 and then disbanding on June 26, 1919.[4]
On March 1, 1929 the squadron reformed at Bircham Newton, and was initially equipped with Airco DH.9As, re-equipping with the Fairey IIIF in November that year. In 1932, its IIIFs were replaced by an improved development, the Fairey Gordon. As a response to the Italian invasion of Ethiopia, the squadron was posted to the Sudan in late 1935, returning to Worthy Down in August 1936, and re-equipping with the Vickers Wellesley. On 12 April 1938 the squadron converted to the Fairey Battle.[5]
On the outbreak of World War II, 35 Squadron was designated a training unit, receiving Avro Ansons and Bristol Blenheims in late in 1939. The squadron disbanded after being absorbed into No. 17 OTU along with No. 90 Squadron at Upwood, on 8 April 1940.
It reformed on 5 November 1940 at RAF Leeming in Yorkshire as the first Handley Page Halifax squadron. In August 1942 it became a pathfinder unit, forming part of No. 8 Group at Graveley. In March 1944 the squadron re-equipped with the Avro Lancaster.
During 1946 the squadron participated in a goodwill tour of the United States, later returning to RAF Stradishall, due to Graveley's closure. The Lancasters were replaced by Avro Lincolns in September 1949, and the squadron later disbanded on 23 February 1950.
On 1 September 1951 the squadron reformed at Marham equipped with the Boeing Washington, and in April 1954 the squadron re-equipped with the English Electric Canberra. The squadron disbanded on 11 September 1961.
No. 35 Squadron reformed for the last time on 1 December 1962 at RAF Coningsby as part of RAF Bomber Command's V-bomber force, equipped with eight Vulcan B2 aircraft and Yellow Sun free-falling bombs in a high-altitude strategic bombing role, moving to RAF Cottesmore on 7 November 1964. The squadron was re-equipped with the one megaton Blue Steel stand-off bomb when it became available, later being deployed for a short time with Blue Steel in a low-level penetration mode.[6] When the WE.177B strategic bomb became available from mid-1966, eight were issued to No. 35 Squadron at Cottesmore.[7] These laydown bombs were specifically designed for the low-level penetration role, did not require a pre-release 'pop-up' manoeuvre, and improved the survivability of the squadron's Vulcans.
Following the transfer of responsibility for the nuclear deterrent to the Royal Navy the squadron joined the Near East Strike Force at RAF Akrotiri, Cyprus, still equipped with eight Vulcan B2s and eight WE.177 nuclear weapons and a variety of conventional weapons.[8] The squadron remained at Akrotiri with 9 Squadron's similarly equipped Vulcans assigned as part of the UK contribution to CENTO the Central Treaty Organisation, for use in the low-level penetration role until the end of 1974,[9][10] returning to RAF Scampton in January 1975 where the squadron disbanded for the last time on 1 March 1982.
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